My Microphone: Superlux CM-H8C, $165
This is the microphone I currently use. It's here for the sake of comparison. I have used more expensive mics, and Superlux isn't well-known in the US. At the end of the day, though, it suits my voice very well which is what matters the most.
Entry Level: Monoprice LTM500 Large Tube Condenser Microphone, $165
Monoprice has a reputation for providing great value with solid components - even rivaling more expensive options. No one will complain about your audio quality - it produces audio that is much better than an entry-level microphone should. This is the only microphone I'd recommend for under $200.
Entry Level: Rode NT1-A, $229, Audio-Technica AT4040, $249, and Sennheiser MK4 ($299)
These are very safe options. Audio-Technica, Rode, and Sennheiser make good products, and these microphones are popular amongst newcomers who can afford to spend a few extra dollars. I recently added the MK4 to the list on recommendation of my friend, Don Baarns. I trust him implicitly.
Mid Range: Baby Bottle SL, $400
Sean Pratt used this one for several years. It's very sensitive, which could be a deterrent if you're dealing with a lot of external noise in your recording space.
Mid Range: AKG C214, $400
This is a very popular mic amongst voiceover artists. I often see this as the second microphone when folks "graduate" beyond their entry level mic.
Mid Range: Shure SM7B with Cloudlifter CL-1, $580
Jason Koons at Sweetwater has steered some of my folks this direction. It's an industry-standard microphone for podcasters - not so much for voiceover. In my opinion, you're better off with products that are mid-range or the top end of entry level.